Which statement defines obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

The statement that defines obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one that accurately captures the core characteristics of the condition. OCD is primarily characterized by the presence of intrusive thoughts, known as obsessions, which create significant anxiety or distress for the individual. In response to these obsessions, individuals often engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts, known as compulsions, in an attempt to reduce the anxiety associated with the intrusive thoughts or to prevent a feared event from occurring.

This definition highlights the distinct nature of OCD as it pertains to the psychological experiences of the individual—specifically the interplay between thought and behavior. Individuals with OCD may recognize that their obsessions are not grounded in reality, yet they still feel compelled to carry out their compulsive behaviors to alleviate their discomfort.

In contrast, the other statements do not accurately describe OCD. One option incorrectly identifies OCD as primarily related to depressive symptoms, while another incorrectly narrows the condition to an anxiety disorder only in children. Additionally, labeling OCD as a personality disorder affecting social interactions misrepresents its nature and classification within mental health disorders.